1882: Tom Tunaley, Beswick Boy

Tom Tunaley was born on 27th January 1882 in Manchester. His mother Mary Ann Fletcher (b. 1850) had been born in Manchester but his father John Charles Tunaley (b. 1850) had been born in Derby.

A quarter of a century earlier in 1854, Tom's paternal grandfather John Tunaley (b.1813) and his grandmother Sarah Wood (b.1822) had sold their Derby dye works and moved to Manchester. The family of six settled in Beswick, renting a modest house at 79 Every Street and had four more children. In 1863, John Tunaley (b.1813) died, a few months after their youngest daughter was born, leaving widowed Sarah with eight children:

• Matthew Henry Tunaley (b. 1848)

• John Charles Tunaley (b. 1850)

• Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b.1851)

• Elizabeth Tunaley (b. 1854)

• Sarah Gronow Tunaley (b. 1857)

• Mary Thomason Tunaley (b. 1857)

• Catherine Tunaley (b. 1860)

• Alexandra Edith Tunaley (b. 1863)

John Charles Tunaley (b. 1850) was 13 years old when his father died.

Son of a Carpenter

Tom's father John CharlesTunaley (b. 1850) grew up to become a carpenter. His two brothers Matthew Henry Tunaley (b. 1848) and Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b. 1852) became carpenters too. It's probable that they all aquired their trade with the help of their their maternal uncle, Joseph Wood (b.1827) a timber merchant who moved to Manchester from Derby to support his widowed sister, along with their elderly mother Sarah Wood (b. 1792, nee Thomason) who died in Cheetham in 1871 (thanks to Phil Tunaley and Dr Jane Holmes for this research).

In 1870, the three Tunaley brothers were living and working in Cheetham, near their Uncle Joseph Wood's timber business, according to Slater's Directory. .

The eldest Matthew Henry (b. 1848) was in partnership with John Bland (Tunaley and Bland) with whom he had a joiners' shop in Carnarvon Street, on premises owned by his uncle Joseph Wood (Manchester Rate Books).

In 1870, a 22 year-old Matthew Henry Tunaley (b. 1848) married Mary Stafford (b.1850) at Christ Church, Bradford. Neither of his two brothers were witnesses on Matthew henry's wedding certificate.

Six years later, the two younger Tunaley brothers married within a few months of each other. On 13th July 1876, 24 year-old Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b.1852) married Alice Stevenson (b. 1850) at All Souls Church, Ancoats. Their witnesses were the groom's brother John Charles Tunaley and a woman called Mary Ann Fletcher, who was presumably a friend of the bride. A few months later, John Charles Tunaley (b.1850) married Mary Ann Fletcher (b.1850) in the fourth quarter of 1876.

Unlike his two brothers, John Charles Tunaley married Mary Ann Fletcher in a Civil Ceremony. Civil marriages had been legal in England since the Marriage Act 1836, which also permitted marriages conducted by non-conformist ministers of religion, such as Presbyterians and Methodists. Given that John Charles' mother Sarah Wood (b. 1822) was the granddaughter of a non-conformist Minister and had been christened a Wesleyan Methodist, it's possible these influences led to John Charles' and Mary Ann's decision to have a civil marriage. However, as John Charles' sisters and brothers all married in Church of England ceremonies, it's possible that his fiancee Mary Ann Fletcher preferred a civil wedding.

John Charles Tunaley and Mary Ann had six children within a decade. They baptised their first two children in the Church of England, but there's no record of baptisms for the rest. They named their fourth child and middle son 'Tom':

• Sarah Tunaley (b. 1877)

• Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b.1878)

• John Henry Tunaley (b. 3 July 1880)

• Tom Tunaley (b.1882)

• Beatrice Tunaley   (b.1884)

• James Tunaley (b.1886)

Why "Tom"?

Tom's name was somewhat unusual as 'Tom' is usually an abbreviation of 'Thomas'. This assumption was made throughout Tom's life, with his name mistakenly recorded as "Thomas Tunaley" in official records, newspaper reports and even obituaries.

Tom's parents gave their first three children names that referenced family members, following tradition, but Thomas was a family name too. John Charles' grandparents were Thomas (b.1771) and Elizabeth (b.1776) and his younger brother was Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b. 1852).

John Charles and Mary Ann may have simply wanted to minimise confusion between their son and his many relatives called "Thomas", such as his Uncle Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b.1852) who lived nearby, and whose daughter Sarah Ann Tunaley (b. 1880) shared the same name as their daughter Sarah (b. 1887) and whose son, Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b. 24 May 1882) arrived five months after Tom.

It's possible the name 'Tom' (and 'Beatrice' and 'James') could have come from their mother's family, but as we know little about Mary Ann Fletcher's origins, I can't confirm this.

The name "Tom" could also be derived from "Tomasi" and signify Italian roots, but it is hard to find evidence to support this link.

Although 'Tom' was an unusual name, it was not entirely uncommon. In Manchester in 1882, some 64 babies were given the first name "Tom", compared to 1,230 infants who were named "Thomas", according to the Manchester Register of Civil Births.

Ten years after Tom Tunaley (b. 1882) was born, his father's sister Mary Thomason Tunaley (b. 1857) named her son "Tom". Married to William Powditch in 1878, with whom she had nine children, Mary named her fifth son, who was born 25th November, 1891, in Belper Derby, "Tom Powditch". This could suggest that "Tom" was a family name for the Tunaleys or Powditches, or that Mary named her son after her nephew in Manchester, or that they simply liked the name.

Whatever the source of Tom Tunaley's name, he and Maggie Tunaley didn't continue with it. In 1916, they named their third son 'Thomas Stanley Tunaley' and thereafter called him 'Tom'.

Beswick

Tom Tunaley grew up in Beswick, 1.6 miles south-east of the city centre, next to Bradford. Beswick was primarily a residential township, with the River Medlock and Ashton Canal flowing through it, as well as railyards and timber yards, but with less heavy industry than neighbouring Bradford.

In 1882, Tom's family lived at the northern end of 8 Darley Street, Beswick in a four-roomed house which they rented for an estimated ten pounds per year, according to the Rate Books, similar to those in this photograph, taken before the area was razed for 'slum clearance'.

Tom's house at 8 Darley Street was situated between Rowsley and Beaumont Streets. This section of Darley Street north of Ashton New Road lay within a loop of railway lines that ran into the nearby Beswick Mineral Yards, the Bradford Iron Works and the Bradford Colliery.

In 1885, when Tom was three, his family moved south of Ashton New Road to 242 Palmerston Street, Beswick. Palmerston Street ran in a north-easterly direction from Helmet Street near Ancoats Goods Station over the River Medlock to Hillkirk Street. This image from Wentworth Street depicts the area of Palmerston Street where the Tunaley family lived, at its northern end.

Tom's new house at 242 Palmerston Street was more expensive to rent than the Darley Street house (at 12 pounds ten shillings per annum, according to the Rate Books) but it was well away from the Beswick Mineral Yards and Bradford Colliery.

It was also close to Tom's Uncle Thomas Gronow and Aunt Alice, who lived at 232 Palmerston Street until they moved to 73 Devon Street, Beswick, where Thomas Gronow Tunaley, now a timber merchant in partnership with Wililam Henry Maddock had his timber yard.

The map below indicates some of thestreets where Tom's family lived in Beswick. When Tom's grandparents John (b. 1813) and Sarah (b. 1822) Tunaley arrived from Derby in 1858, they lived in Every Street, (green arrow). All Souls Church, Ancoats, where many Manchester Tunaleys were baptised and married, sits on the corner of Every Street and Harding Street (black rectangle).

When Tom's father John Charles (b.1850) married Mary Ann Fletcher (b.1850) in 1876, their first home was probably 6 Tunstall Street Beswick, the address they gave on 1 July 1877, when their first child was baptised at All Souls Ancoats. Tunstall Street is a short street just north of Ashton New Road, between Devon and Carlisle Streets, on the western side of the rail line. A year later, on 29th September 1878 when their second daughter Edith Fletcher (b. 1878) was baptised several miles away at St Philip's Manchester, Tom's parents had moved out of Beswick to 3 James Street, Miles Platting. They were back in Beswick by 1880 when their first son John Henry Tunaley was born and were living 8 Darley Street (yellow arrow) when Tom Tunaley was born in 1882.

By 1886, Tom's family had moved to 242 Palmerston Street, (blue arrow) where they stayed for ten years. in 1895, when Tom was 13, the family moved to 74 Devon Street, Beswick (red arrow), and lived there for the next five years. (Tom's sister Sarah (b.1876) gave 74 Devon Street as her address when she married in February 1900). Tom's Uncle Thomas Gronow Tunaley and his family had lived at 72 Devon Street in 1886 and had run his timber business (Maddock and Tunaley) from a works yard at 73 Devon Street. But by the time Tom's family moved there in 1895, Thomas Gronow Tunaley had moved his business to a premises in Robinson Street East, owned by Joseph Wood, and had moved his family three miles south to Levenshulme.

Two Brothers

Tom Tunaley (b. 1882) was a middle son, with two brothers:

• Sarah Tunaley (b. 1877)

• Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b. 1878)

• John Henry Tunaley (b. 3 July 1880)

• Tom Tunaley (b.1882)

• Beatrice Tunaley   (b.1884)

• James Tunaley (b.1886)

This is the only photograph I have of the three Tunaley boys pictured with their father, John Charles Tunaley (b.1850), possibly taken around 1895 when Tom was in his early teens. (I have no photographs of his mother, Mary Ann Fletcher, sadly).

Tom (b. 1882) on the left of the picture, is wearing a gold watchchain in his waistcoat, and he was probably an apprentice carpenter by this time. His elder brother John Henry (b. 1880) on the right, would become an Electrician. His younger brother James (b. 1886), who seems to be standing on a footstool, would became a carpenter and joiner like Tom.

John Henry

Tom's elder brother John Henry Tunaley (b. 1880), married a sewing machinist called Nellie Foote (b. 17 April 1882) in February 1904, at St Mary's Parish Church, Beswick. Nellie was a sewing machinist, the daughter of a plumber who lived at 169 Palmerston Street, Beswick with her parents Andrew and Jane Foote, and five siblings. Her elder brother David Foote (b.1879) also an Electrician, witnessed the marriage certificate. The other two witnesses were Nellie's 14 year-old brother Andrew Foote and John Henry's sister Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b.1878). The couple settled in 92 Edge Lane, Droylsden, where they had four daughters, Nellie (b. 1905), Beatrice May (b. 1908), Vera (b. 1915) and Doris (b.1920).

In 1911, John Henry was employed as an Electrician at an Armour Plate Works. By 1921, he was a "Foreman, Electrical Engineer", employed by Sir W.G Armstrong, Whitworth & Co. Openshaw. He remained living at 92 Edge Lane, Droylsden until at least 1931, according to a Manchester Directory.

By 1939, John Henry Tunaley was renting a house at 26 Delamere Street, Openshaw, with his wife Nellie (b. 17 April 1882), and their youngest child Doris (b. 11 September 1920) who worked as a Clerk in a Coal Factor's Office.

On 24th October 1940., John Henry's wife Nellie died, aged 58. A year later, in 1941, an employee at the Steel Works where he worked as a Foreman knocked 61 year-old John Henry Tunaley to the ground and was fined 40 shillings and costs, according to a report in the Manchester Evening News.

In 1950, 70 year-old John Henry Tunaley was awarded the British Empire Medal (Civil). Phil Tunaley suggests that as he had worked as Chief Maintenance Electrial Foreman at the British Steel Corporation, Openshaw Manchester, which was partly owned by Vickers, his award may have been connected with military production during the Second World War

On 3rd June 1951, John Henry Tunaley sailed to Canada, in a first class berth on a Merchant Ship from the Port of Manchester to Montreal, Quebec. Twenty years earlier, his eldest daughter Nellie Tunaley (b. 1905), a Clerk, had emigrated to Canada, leaving the Port of Liverpool on the 20th May, 1932, bound for Montreal. When John Henry Tunaley arrived at the port of Montreal on 13th June 1951, he entered the USA, en route to the home of Mr A. Dawson, 20 Milton Place, Hanshell, New Jersey.

On 9th April 1964, John Henry Tunaley died in Manchester at the age of 83. He was still living at 26 Delamere Street, Openshaw and probate was granted to his two daughters, Vera Barlow and Doris Nuttall.

James

Tom's younger brother James Tunaley, was born on 25 January 1886 at 242 Palmerston Street, Beswick.

James became a joiner, like Tom, and in 4th October, 1909, he joined a trade union. He was admitted to the Manchester 8th Branch of the Amalgamated Society of Carpenters and Joiners that Tom had joined two years earlier.

In April, 1911, 25 year-old James was living with his 27 year-old sister Beatrice (b. 1884) at 916 Ashton New Road, Clayton, the home of his married sister Edith Fletcher and her husband Samuel Middleton, and their two year-old daughter Edith.

Between April and June 1911, (before his brother Tom left for Australia on 6th July), James Tunaley married a weaver Emily Hough (b. 29 january 1877) in a civil ceremony. Before she married James, according to the 1911 census Emily Hough (b. 1877) lived with her widowed mother Mary Hough and 9 year-old daughter Hilda Hough at 219 Water Lane, Droylsden.

In 1921 James and Emily Tunaley were living at 218 Water Road Droylsden with their daughter, 19 year-old daughter Hilda Hough. On 7 September 1925Hilda Hough may have married James Roberts (her father's name on the record is listed as "James Hough").

in 1939, James and Emily Tunaley were living at 219 Manor road, Droylsden, a six minute walk away from his sister Edith Fletcher Tunaley at 916 Ashton New Road, Clayton.

Emily Tunaley died in the second quarter of 1964, aged 87, in Ashton.

In the fourth quarter of 1972, James Tunaley (b. 1886) died iat the age of 86, in Ashton.

Three Sisters

Tom had three sisters:

• Sarah Tunaley (b. 1877)

• Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b.1878)

• John Henry Tunaley (b. 3 July 1880)

• Tom Tunaley (b.1882)

• Beatrice Tunaley   (b.1883)

• James Tunaley (b.1886)

I don't have any photographs of Tom's sisters when he was young. Census records show that the Tunaley girls all began working in their early teens. They would also have undertaken unpaid domestic work as the family had no domestic servants.

Sarah

Tom's eldest sister, Sarah Tunaley (b.1877) was baptised on 1 July 1877 at All Souls Church, Ancoats, three years before her cousin, Sarah Ann Tunaley (b.1880) the daughter of her Uncle Thomas Gronow and Alice Tunaley, was baptised there. By the time she was thirteen years old, Sarah Tunaley was employed as an 'Embroideress' according to the 1891 census.

In 1900, Sarah married Bernard Nutt, a blacksmith, at St Mary's Parish Church in Palmerston Street Beswick (pictured).

Sarah and Bernard Nutt settled down in 6 Sawley Street Beswick, a short street off Devon Street, where Tom and his parents and siblings lived. On 5th March 1901, Sarah gave birth to a daughter, Beatrice Violet on 5th March 1901, followed by Nellie (b.1903), John Joseph (b.1906), Albert (b. 1909), and May (b. 1910).

Bernard Nutt died in 1910, in the same quarter as his youngest child May (b. 1910) was born, leaving 32-year old Sarah with five children. Three years later, the baby May Nutt (b. 1910) died in 1913.

Sarah  (b. 1878) remained living at 6 Sawley Street Beswick and in 1915,married Albert Bird (b. 1887), an Engineer's machinist at W.S Armstrong Withworth Toolmakers, with whom she had two sons: Alfred Bird (b. 1916) and Eric Bird (b. 1920).

Sarah was still living at 6 Sawley Street, with her husband and six surviving children, at the time of the 1921 census. I think Sarah Bird (b. 1878) died on 13th February 1927.

Edith Fletcher

Tom's second eldest sister, Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b. 9 September 1878) was baptised on 29th September 1878 at St Philip's Church, Salford. when her parents lived at Miles Platting, but she grew up in Beswick.

By the time of the 1901 census. Edith Fletcher was working as a "shirtmaker." In May 1907, Edith Fletcher Tunaley (b. 1878) married a mechanic called Samuel Beaconsfield Middleton (b. 9 February 1880), at St Mary's Parish Church, Beswick. Their witnesses were Ethelbirt Middleton, John Henry Tunaley and Beatrice Tunaley. Edith's address on her wedding certificate was the home of her sister Sarah (b. 1887) and Bernard Nutt (6 Sawley Street, Beswick).

Edith Fletcher and Samuel Middleton settled in Clayton at 916 Ashton New Road, Clayton. In 1908, Edith and Samuel had a daughter they named Edith Middleton (b. 1908) and in the second quarter of 1916, they had another daughter called Marjorie Whittaker Middleton (b. 6 May 1916). In 1911, Edith and Samuel were living with their three year-old daughter Edith (b. 1908). Edith's younger sister Beatrice (1884) a shirtmaker, and her youngest brother James Tunaley (b.1886), a joiner were also living with her in Clayton. In 1921, Edith's husband Samuel Middleton was working at Sir W.G Armstrong, the same company that employed Edith's brother, John Henry Tunaley.

Edith and Samuel's house (pictured) is a five minute walk from 6 Dargai Street, Clayton, where Maggie Simpson lived from 1907 and where her son, Edith's nephew John Charles Tunaley (b. 1909) was raised by his grandparents William and Sarah Simpson, after his parents emigrated to Australia in 1911.

Edith Fletcher Middleton (b. 1878) lived at 916 Ashton New Road, Clayton until she died on 26th November 1953.

Edith Fletcher's husband, Samuel B Middleton lived another six years and died on 26th November 1959, by which time, he had moved to 121 Sunnyside Road, Droylsden. Probate was granted to his daughters, Edith Egan and Marjorie Whittaker Buttress.

Beatrice

Tom's youngest sister, Beatrice Tunaley (b. 27th November 1883) was working as a shirtmaker, at the time of the 1901 census when she lived with her mother and four of her siblings at 242 Palmerston Street Beswick. After leaving the family home, she lived first with her married sister Sarah Nutt (b. 1877) at 6 Sawley Street, Beswick, then with her married sister Edith Fletcher Middleton (b. 1878) at 916 Ashton New Road, Clayton.

In 1939, Beatrice Tunaley was still living at 916 Ashton New Road Clayton with Edith and Samuel Middleton, working as a machinist. She died ten years later, at the age of 65, in the second quarter of 1949. In the Manchester Evening News, her sister Edith Middleton thanked Beatrice Tunaley's "friends, neighbours and workmates and management of the Long Duro Shirt Manufacturers for their kind expressions of sympathy and beautiful floral tributes".

Tom's cousins

Tom Tunaley had many cousins on the Tunaley side (I know nothing of his mother's family), some of whom lived in Derby. Six of father's seven siblings married and three of those families seem to have had connections with Tom's family when he was growing up:

Smith Family (Manchester)

Tom's cousin Bill Smith was the son of Tom's Aunt Elizabeth Tunaley (b. 1854), the eldest sister of his father John Charles Tunaley (b.1850). Elizabeth Tunaley married a baker from Bedfordshire, George Jarvis Smith (b. 1845) in 1884 with whom she had three children:

• William (Bill) John Smith (b. 1884, 3rd qtr) in Bedford;

• Dorothy Smith (b. 1887); and

• Stanley (b. 1890, 4th qtr) in Prestwich.

  
  

As their third child Stanley was born in Prestwich, Elizabeth and George Smith presumably moved their family to Manchester, but except for Stanley's birth registration, I have found no record of where they lived. All we know is that Tom Tunaley and William John (Bill) Smith (b. 1884) were best friends, they both became carpenters and then emigrated to Australia together in 1911 (see "The Smiths" post).

Powditch Family (Derby)

One possibility is that Tom's male cousins in the Powditch family are the unidentified boys in the picture. His Aunt Mary Thomason Tunaley and William Powditch married in 1878 and had nine children, six of whom were boys: Alice (1879); Margaret Edith (1881); William Ewart (b. 1882); John (b. 1883); Sidney (b. 1886); Mary (b. 1887); George (b. 1889); Tom (b.1891); and Bertram Charles (b. 1895).

There are two clues to suggest that Tom's family was close to the Powditch family in Derby. First, Mary and William's fifth son, who was born 25th November, 1891, was given the name "Tom", which could suggest a connection between the two families.The second clue is on a postcard that Tom Tunaley sent from Australia in December 1911, with a picture of himself, his wife and son outside their first home in Yarraville, Melbourne. On the back of the card, Tom wished the recipients a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year "to you all", then added "This is our house, Mary".

The "Mary" referred to in the postcard was either Tom's Aunt Mary Thomason Powditch (b. 1857) who was still in Derby with her husband William Powditch and their two youngest sons or her daughter, Tom's and 24-year old cousin Mary Powditch (b. 1887), who had married Walter Adams in the second quarter of 1911, just before Tom left for Australia. As Tom didn't use the honorific "Aunt", I assume his message about the house was to his cousin, Mary with "you all" referring to Powditch family as a whole, as the postcard would have been sent to Tom's Aunt Mary.

Tunaley Family (Levenshulme)

The family of Tom's Uncle Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b.1848) may have been close to Tom's family when he was growing up, even though they moved out of Beswick to Levenshulme in the mid-1880s.

A prosperous timber merchant, Thomas Gronow Tunaley, purchased his own house, listed in the Rate books as the owner and occupier of Rose Villa, Rushforth Place, Levenshulme. a "house with garden", worth an estimated rent of 60 pounds per year, in 1899. This red brick detached house (pictured) is still standing, preserved in a protected residential landscape of 7.8 hectares called the Rushford Park Conservation Area.

Alice Stevenson and Thomas Gronow Tunaley had five children: Sarah Ann (b.1881); Thomas Gronow (b.1882); Albert Edward (b.1886); Alice (b.1889); and Gertrude (b. 1887). The eldest, Thomas Gronow (b. 1882) who was five months younger than his cousin Tom, became a joiner and his brother Albert Edward (b. 1886), who was the same age as Tom's brother James, became a solicitor.

In spite of their differences in wealth, the two families may have remained close. Tom's father, John Charles (b. 1850) and his Uncle Thomas Gronow (b.1851) were the only Tunaley brothers in Manchester after the eldest Matthew Henry (b. 1848) emigrated to Australia and disappeared. They both became carpenters, both married in 1876, and both lived in Beswick when they were newly weds and had young children. Tom's mother Mary Ann Fletcher and his Aunt Alice may also have been good friends, given that Mary Ann Fletcher was a witness (with John Charles Tunaley) at Alice Stevenson's and Thomas Gronow Tunaley's wedding in 1876.

Which cousins?

This photograph (from John Tunaley's collection) could be of Tom Tunaley with some of his male cousins, but we don't know much about it. The five boys are dressed up and wearing flowers in their buttonholes, as if for a family wedding. The boy standing on the right with his hand on the shoulder of the seated boy looks like a young Tom Tunaley (b. 1882), aged about ten.

The seated boy under Tom's hand has a similar open rose flower in his buttonhole, which suggests they were both supplied with flowers from the same source. The seated boy in the light toned suit may be Tom's elder brother John Henry Tunaley (b. 1881) or his cousin Bill Smith (b. 1884). To me, he looks more like a younger version of Bill Smith (see picture in "The Smiths" post) than of John Henry Tunaley, but I could be wrong.

The small boy on the lower right could be Tom's younger brother James Tunaley (b. 1886) or his Derby cousin , Sidney Powditch (b. 1886) or his Levenshulme cousin Albert Edward Tunaley (b.1886). Interestingly, this small boy has a distinctly different flower in his buttonhole, to Tom's. As the small boy's buttonhole is identical to the flower worn by the older boy seated on the left, this could mean that they are related, so the small boy is not James Tunaley.

Following this flower logic (a stretch, I admit), the two seated boys wearing identical buttonhole flowers are either Sidney Powditch (b. 1886) and his elder brother William Ewart Powditch (b. 1882) or Albert Edward Tunaley (b.1886) and his elder brother Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b. 1882) from Levenshulme.

So who is the boy standing at the back next to Tom? The possibilities are either his brother John Henry Tunaley (b. 1881) or the one of the older Powditch sons, William Ewart Powditch (b. 1882) or John Powditch (b. 1883).

From all this guesswork, I tentatively conclude: the two boys wearing identical buttonhole flowers are indeed the brothers Thomas Gronow Tunaley (b. 1882) and Albert Edward Tunaley (b.1886) from Levenshulme; that the boy seated under Tom Tunaley's hand is his cousin Bill Smith (b. 1884); and that the boy standing on the left is one of the Powditch cousins, William Ewart Powditch (b. 1882) or John Powditch (b. 1883).

They may have been brought together in this photograph because they were close friends, or simply because they were the only young male cousins present at a family wedding.

. . . 1900: Tunaleys to Clayton